Kanada

कणाद
c. 2nd century BCE (dates debated)
PhysicsPhilosophy of science

Vaisheshika Sutra — the idea of the atom (paramanu)

Story

Rishi Kanada founded the Vaisheshika school of philosophy. In the Vaisheshika Sutra he proposed that all matter is made of tiny, indivisible, eternal particles called paramanu, which combine to form everything we see.

Key contributions

  • Proposed that matter is made of indivisible particles (paramanu)
  • Described how atoms combine into dyads and triads to form substances
  • Classified reality into categories (padarthas) — an early attempt at a systematic natural philosophy

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Photos: Wikipedia / Wikimedia Commons, unless uploaded by Awadh Vigyan Bharati. Ancient scholars are shown with symbolic images where no portrait exists.